On post-mortem examination, the lungs are found to be increased
in size ('ballooned'); on section, froth, water mud, sand, in air-tubes.
The presence of this fine (often blood-stained) froth is the most
characteristic sign of drowning. Froth like that of soap-suds in the
trachea is an indication of a vital act, and must not be mistaken for
the tenacious mucus of bronchitis. The presence of vomited matters in
the trachea and bronchi is a valuable sign of drowning. The blood
collects in the venous system, and is dark and fluid. Tardieu's spots
are not so frequently met with in cases of drowning as in other forms of
asphyxia. The other signs of death by asphyxia are present. Wounds may
be present on the body, due to falling on stakes, injuries from passing
vessels, etc.
The methods of performing artificial respiration in the case of the
apparently drowned are the following (the best and most easily performed
is Schaefer's prone pressure method):
1. _Schaefer's._--Place the patient on his face, with a folded coat under
the lower part of the chest. Unfasten the collar and neckband. Go to
work at once. Kneel over him athwart or on one side facing his head.
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