They are not dissipated by heat, and give a violet colour
to the deoxidizing flame of the blowpipe. Stains on dark clothing are
red or brown.
_Treatment._--Vinegar and water, lemon-juice and water, acidulated
stimulant drinks, oil, linseed-tea, opium to relieve pain, stimulants in
collapse. Do not use the stomach-tube. The glottis may be inflamed, and
if there is danger of asphyxia, tracheotomy may have to be performed.
=Carbonate of Sodium= occurs as _soda_ and _best soda_, the former in
dirty crystalline masses, the latter of a purer white colour. It is also
found as 'washing soda.'
_Symptoms, Post-Mortem Appearances, Treatment, and Extraction from the
Stomach._--As for potash.
_Tests._--Alkaline reaction, effervesces and evolves carbonic acid when
treated with an acid; crystallizes, gives yellow tinge to blowpipe
flame. No precipitate with tartaric acid, nor with bichloride of
platinum.
=Ammonia= may be taken as _liquor ammoniae_ (harts-horn), as carbonate of
ammonium, as 'Cleansel,' or as 'Scrubb's Cloudy Ammonia.'
_Symptoms._--Being volatile, it attacks the air-passages, nose, eyes and
lungs, being immediately affected; profuse salivation; lips and tongue
swollen, red, and glazed.
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